Participation

I believe Journalists are like a scribe, they record things down the waay they see it. Whatever things appeared in front of them, they are to copy down exactly what happened. I think as long as the actual thing is included, the emotional terms such as, this is too sad could be included. However anything that have to involve criticizing some other people should not be included. I think a easy way to separate the actual event and one's own individual repsonse to something could be done from writing the technical aspects of the event. When you write technical, describing how everything happens and how many people died without including any emotion if achivable. If the journalist want to include their own emotions, they should just write a new book rather than included all in on report.
Being a participant of the even and a observer depends on one's actions. If you are at the event, and you could do something to help the people from it and you choose not to, you're the emotionless guy. When you are in the event, you are in the surrounding that could change something of the event, even if its lifting a log from the fallen ship or carry someone out. You're an observer if you are blocked away from the event. You are only able to watch the event happen, such as away from a window or 2, 3 streets away from the event where you can't alter any to the event.